What is the oil pan

The oil pan (English Name: oil pan) is located at the lower part of the engine. The oil pan is the lower half of the crankcase, also known as the lower crankcase. The function is to close the crankcase as the shell of the oil storage tank, prevent impurities from entering, collect and store the lubricating oil flowing back from the friction surfaces of the fuel engine, dissipate part of the heat, and prevent oxidation of the lubricating oil.

The oil pan is mostly stamped from thin steel plate. The oil stabilizer baffle is installed inside to avoid the right side shock and splash caused by the diesel engine bumping, which is conducive to the precipitation of lubricating oil impurities. The oil dipstick is installed on the side to check the oil quantity. In addition, the lower part of the bottom of the oil pan is also equipped with an oil drain plug.

The oil pan can be divided into wet type and dry type. In addition, we need to understand two concepts first, splash lubrication: for the engine, the oil in the oil pan is taken up by the rotation of the crankshaft and "splashed" on the friction surface to realize lubrication; Pressure lubrication: after the oil is pumped by the oil pump, the oil will be sent to the required parts at a certain pressure to achieve protection.

Form of oil pan: wet and dry

Advantages: low cost, no power loss, good moisturizing effect, low engine center of gravity

Insufficient to meet the lubrication requirements under the limit state,

The center of gravity of the engine is high, the cost is high, and the power is partially lost

Wet sump

Most of the cars on the market are wet oil pans. The reason why they are named wet oil pans is that the crankshaft crank and connecting rod big end of the engine will be immersed in the lubricating oil of the oil pan once every revolution of the crankshaft to play a lubricating role. At the same time, due to the high-speed operation of the crankshaft, each time the crank is immersed in the oil pool at a high speed, it will cause a certain amount of oil spray and oil mist to lubricate the crankshaft and bearing bush, which is called splash lubrication. In this way, there are certain requirements for the liquid level of lubricating oil in the oil pan. If it is too low, the crankshaft crank and connecting rod big end cannot be immersed in the lubricating oil, resulting in lack of lubrication and smooth crankshaft, connecting rod and bearing bush; If the lubricating oil level is too high, it will cause the whole bearing to be immersed, which will increase the rotation resistance of the crankshaft and cause the engine performance to decline. At the same time, the lubricating oil will easily enter the combustion chamber of the cylinder, which will cause the engine to burn oil and carbon deposit on the spark plug.

Dry sump

The dry oil pan is used in the engines of many racing cars or high-end cars. It does not store oil in the oil pan, and there is no oil pan. The friction surfaces of these movements in the crankcase are lubricated by pressing out the oil through the measuring holes. Since the dry-type oil pan engine cancels the oil storage function of the oil pan, the height of the crude oil pan is greatly reduced, and the height of the engine is also reduced. The advantage of the lower center of gravity is that it is conducive to control. The main advantage is to avoid all kinds of adverse phenomena of wet oil pan caused by intense driving.

Since the pressure of lubricating oil is all from the oil pump. The power of the oil pump is connected by gears through the rotation of the crankshaft. Although the oil pump is also required to provide pressure lubrication for the camshaft in the wet sump engine, the pressure is very small and the oil pump requires very little power. However, in the dry sump engine, the strength of this pressure lubrication is much greater, and the size of the oil pump is much larger than that of the wet sump engine. Therefore, the oil pump needs more power at this time. Like a supercharged engine, the oil pump needs to consume part of the power of the engine. Especially at high speed, when the engine speed increases, the motion intensity of the friction parts increases, and more lubricating oil is required. Therefore, the oil pump is required to provide greater pressure, and the consumption of crankshaft power is also increased.

Since the dry oil pan requires additional components and the lubricating oil passage is high-pressure, the manufacturing and use costs are much higher than those of the wet oil pan, and the structure is more complicated.

Note: source network, if there is infringement, please contact to delete